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Thursday, February 3, 2011

Analog to Digital Conversion with in hardware

Examples of Digital to Analog Conversion

There are various examples of analog to digital conversion. For example when we scan a picture, the analog information provided by the light present in the picture is converted to digital signal and the process is completed. analog signals are naturally present in the air like they are present in light, they are present  in sound etc. another famous example of analog to digital conversion is the conversion of voice to digital signals using VoIP. The digital conversion is not limited to the working of computers and related hardware but it is also part of our daily life. Another example of analog to digital conversion is the use of telephone. The recording of songs on a CD is another example of analog to digital conversion, here sound is converted into digital numbers which are then stored on the disk.
The Mechanism of Conversion

The digital conversion means the use of binary coding for data transmission and output. The digital signals work only by using only two numbers known as 0 and 1. Any number which is different from the binary code is eliminated form its way. This is the reason why we do not hear any additional noises when we turn on a song in a CD. Analog to digital conversion is the key of compressing a bulk of information into binary numbers and store it in computer and other storage devices. This digital conversion allows for plenty of data to be stored on a single small machine like in laptops, workstations and in desktop computer. This helps in saving bandwidth and storage space. In a PC the analog signals are converted to digital signals with the help of microprocessors. This mechanism is quiet complex and needs necessary hardware and software capabilities. The basic mechanism involves around converting continues signals to discrete signals.
Basic Analog to Digital Converter Structures

The analog to digital converter is a device which is capable of converting an analog signal into compressed digital signal for further presentation, storage and processing. The most common seven digital structures are direct conversion, ramp compare, successive approximation, delta encoded, pipeline, time stretch and sigma delta. The use of these structures is dependent upon the hardware source of the analog signal to the destination hardware in order to utilize best data encryption and utilization. In order to reverse the process from analog to digital conversion to digital to analog conversion additional converter is required which perform the function of a translator. For example the computer sound cards which operate in the digital to analog mechanism. The analog to digital conversion is used in digital TVs, cameras and other video captures. New microcontrollers technology used to convert analog to digital converters helped in reducing the size of the chip. The analog to digital conversion always required very high accuracy and resolution. The analog to digital conversion increase the bandwidth and the speed of the hardware devices. The modern wireless applications and radar systems require high speed signal conversion in order to deliver accurate and swift message to the ultimate consumer.

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